北黄海盆地东部坳陷勘探突破对我国近海残留“黑色侏罗系”油气勘探的启示     

肖国林  蔡来星  郭兴伟  董贺平  庞玉茂 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(1):115-130

最新的勘探和研究证实,北黄海盆地东部坳陷发育了中、上侏罗统2套有效烃源岩并以上侏罗统为主力烃源岩层,在其供烃范围内形成了上侏罗统-下白垩统"下生上储式"和中-上侏罗统"自生自储式"2类成藏组合,取得了我国东部海域以侏罗系为唯一源岩的含油气盆地勘探突破。为进一步探索我国近海盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的资源潜力和勘探前景,本文采用地震-地质综合解释、烃源岩地球化学分析、盆地模拟等方法,综合分析了我国近海主要盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的分布和地球化学特征。结果表明,我国近海残留侏罗系暗色泥岩烃源岩非均质性较强,多属"中等"级别,局部发育"中等-好"、"中等-差"级别烃源岩,侏罗系烃源岩大多存在早（J₃-K₁）、晚（E₂末-N₁）2期生、排烃高峰,生烃总量达1.4×10¹¹ t,资源前景乐观,预测可形成侏罗系"自生自储式"和侏罗系-白垩系（或新生界）"下生上储式"2类源储组合。  相似文献   

Origin of sulphate in the unsaturated zone and groundwater of a loess aquifer     

Yin Long  Tianming Huang  Fen Zhang  Zhenbin Li  Baoqiang Ma  Yiman Li  Zhonghe Pang 《水文研究》2021,35(4):e14166

The use of the sulphate mass balance (SMB) between precipitation and soil water as a supplementary method to estimate the diffuse recharge rate assumes that the sulphate in soil water originated entirely from atmospheric deposition; however, the origin of sulphate in soil and groundwater is often unclear, especially in loess aquifers. This study analysed the sulphur (δ³⁴S-SO₄) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O-SO₄) isotopes of sulphate in precipitation, water-extractable soil water, and shallow groundwater samples and used these data along with hydrochemical data to determine the sources of sulphate in the thick unsaturated zone and groundwater of a loess aquifer. The results suggest that sulphate in groundwater mainly originated from old precipitation. When precipitation percolates through the unsaturated zone to recharge groundwater, sulphates were rarely dissolved due to the formation of CaCO₃ film on the surface of sulphate minerals. The water-extractable sulphate in the deep unsaturated zone (>10 m) was mainly derived from the dissolution of evaporite minerals and there was no oxidation of sulphide minerals during the extraction of soil water by elutriating soil samples with deionized water. The water-extractable concentration of SO₄ was not representative of the actual SO₄ concentration in mobile soil water. Therefore, the recharge rate cannot be estimated by the SMB method using the water-extractable concentration of SO₄ in the loess areas. This study is important for identifying sulphate sources and clarifying the proper method for estimating the recharge rate in loess aquifers.  相似文献   

韩国“新北方政策”对接“一带一路”倡议：机遇与挑战     

庞加欣  王灵桂 《热带地理》2019,39(6):911-918

韩国“新北方政策”与“一带一路”倡议的对接合作为中韩两国带来了重要发展机遇。文章主要探讨韩国“新北方政策”的内涵及其与“一带一路”倡议对接的进展、机遇与挑战,得出双方对接的合作机遇主要在政策沟通、设施联通、贸易投资和资金融通4个方面,同时也存在着制度性风险、地缘风险和投资合作风险的三大挑战。在具体对接过程中,产业、金融、物流3个领域可能成为突破口。  相似文献   

基于多源数据的新疆人居环境质量评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞瑞秋  胡宁  魏冶 《地理科学》2021,41(12):2127-2137

针对区域人居环境质量缺乏从自然和人文因子组合综合评价分析的现状,利用遥感影像、站点监测、交通网络等多源数据,获取与人居环境质量密切相关的自然和人文因素共17个影响因子。应用熵权法、GIS空间分析及现代大数据等方法,定量研究新疆人居环境质量综合评价指数的空间分异及其与经济、人口分布的协调性关系。结果表明：① 新疆自然环境本底受水资源及植被覆盖情况影响较大,自然环境本底评价指数高值区域的空间分布特征与绿洲分散分布的特点具有极大的相似性,县域尺度的高质量区聚集分布在天山北坡的伊犁河谷等地,低质量区和一般质量区大面积集中连片地分布在新疆南部和东部。② 人文环境受交通通达程度及基础支撑完善度影响较大,地级市、县级市优于其他县级地区,人文环境质量基本呈现以各地级市、县级市为中心向外辐射递减的空间分异规律。③ 人居环境质量综合评价指数空间分异显著,呈现出以乌鲁木齐、昌吉市等点为中心的局部圈层式递减的空间分异规律。木垒?皮山分界线东南部与西北部人居环境质量的平均水平相差悬殊。④ 整体人居环境质量水平较低,人口分布与人居环境质量综合评价指数空间分布的匹配度不足,一般质量区和低质量区的县域土地面积占比高达84.90%,分布了47.74%的人口,低质量区仍有较大的提升潜力。⑤ GDP水平与人居环境质量保持较高的匹配性,环境经济协调型县市数量较少,环境经济滞后型县市数量最多,经济发展与人居环境相互掣肘,制约着新疆的可持续性发展。  相似文献   

Characteristics and Origins of Suspended Pyrite in the Mixing Zone of the Yangtze Estuary     

Pang  Yue  Fan  Dejiang  Sun  Xiaoxia  Sun  Xueshi  Liu  Ming  Yang  Zuosheng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(4):801-810

For a long time, most studies about pyrite have focused on sediments while only a few have focused on pyrite in water. In this study, a method that combines the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS) was used to compare pyrite particles suspended in water to those in associated bottom sediments, both obtained from the mixing zone of the Yangtze Estuary. It was found that the pyrite particles in the two media have similar morphologies and size distributions. The particle morphology mainly includes two types, single crystal and aggregate, and the particle size mainly ranges from 0.5 to 2 μm. The pyrite particles in water exhibit an increase in relative content towards the sea, and their transport and deposit processes are mainly affected by hydrodynamic conditions. It is concluded that the pyrite particles in the suspended matter mainly derived from the resuspension of sediments, which are products of the early diagenesis. Precursor minerals may appear during the formation of pyrite, but are generally restricted by the diagenetic environment and local microenvironment.  相似文献   

环境约束下中国工业化与城镇化的关系演变——效率分析视角   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

王庆喜  钱遂  庞尧 《地理科学》2017,37(1):92-101

将工业化视为投入,城镇化视为产出,基于中国各省份2001~2012年的工业化、城镇化和污染物排放数据,测算了传统效率值、环境效率值及效率指数,据此分析各省份工业化与城镇化的关系及其演变。研究发现：全国总体层面的城镇化传统效率值和环境效率值均在下降。分地区来看,东部地区通过工业化来推进城镇化的实施空间有限,中部地区需要调整发展方式,西部地区尚有一定余地。在城镇化过程中,工业化存在前期“负向规律机制”和后期“正向反馈机制”两种作用。为实现城镇化低碳发展,需要转变工业和经济发展方式,改善对外贸易结构,同时提高环境污染治理投资效果。  相似文献   

六盘山东麓晚更新世以来黄土粒度指示的物源特征及演变   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王兆夺  黄春长  杨红瑾  庞奖励  查小春  周亚利 《地理科学》2018,38(5):818-826

在宁夏长城塬完整的晚更新世-全新世黄土-古土壤剖面(长城塬剖面)进行高分辨率采样,对125个样品的粒度数据做了粒度端元分析,并对各端元组分含量在地层深度尺度上做了小波分析。结果认为：端元分析法可以把代表4种不同动力的沉积端元分离出来。端元1可能代表了西风带控制下的由高空气流搬运的远源粉尘物质;端元2可能代表了沉积物沉积后在东亚夏季风作用下的风化以及成壤改造作用;端元3可能代表了后期的淋溶作用动力特征;端元4可能代表了东亚冬季风作用下典型的风成黄土粗颗粒组分特征。根据小波分析认为各端元组分含量在不同的深度上均存在着准周期变化,指示了相对应的时间尺度上古季风变化具有准周期性的特征,同时也说明了沉积剖面一直处于较为连续沉积状态,比较完整地记载了各沉积动力过程。各端元组分在不同的时间尺度上具有不同的准周期性特征。  相似文献   

BCC S2S模式对亚洲夏季风准双周振荡预报评估   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

贺铮  徐邦琪  高迎侠 《应用气象学报》2018,29(4):436-448

利用1994-2013年ERA-Interim及NCEP/NCAR再分析数据,对国家气候中心（BCC）次季节到季节尺度模式（S2S）1994-2013年的回报试验数据进行亚洲季风区准双周振荡（QBWO）预报能力评估,并诊断模式预报误差来源。结果表明:BCC S2S模式对QBWO的预报能力随着预报提前时间的增长而降低,9 d后预报技巧明显减弱,其周期、传播特征和强度出现误差;在提前9 d预报中,印度洋地区QBWO对流-环流系统结构松散,信号偏弱,对流向东传播,这与印度洋平均态的预报误差有关,夏季对流平均态低层水汽场在西太平洋和阿拉伯海较强,而东印度洋、孟加拉湾一带偏弱;西北太平洋地区QBWO具有向西北传播的特征,但强度偏弱,可能原因是预报低估了QBWO对流西北侧低层涡度的超前信号,经涡度方程诊断发现,地转涡度平流正贡献微弱,相对涡度平流在对流西北侧引发负涡度,从而减弱了对流西北侧由低层正涡度引发的有利条件。  相似文献   

Effectiveness of pilot carbon emissions trading systems in China     

Zhe Deng  Dongya Li  Tao Pang 《Climate Policy》2018,18(8):992-1011

China is in the process of establishing a national emissions trading system (ETS). Evaluating the implementation effectiveness of the seven pilot ETSs in China is critical for designing this national system. This study administered a questionnaire survey to assess the behaviour of enterprises covered by the seven ETS pilots from the perspective of: the strictness of compliance measures; rules for monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV); the mitigation pressure felt by enterprises; and actual mitigation and trading activities. The results show that the pilot MRV and compliance rules have not yet been fully implemented. The main factors involved are the lack of compulsory force of the regulations and the lack of policy awareness within the affected enterprises. Most enterprises have a shortage of free allowances and thus believe that the ETSs have increased their production costs. Most enterprises have already established mitigation targets. Some of the covered enterprises are aware of their own internal emission reduction costs and most of these have used this as an important reference in trading. Many enterprises have accounted for carbon prices in their long-term investment. The proportion of enterprises that have participated in trading is fairly high; however, reluctance to sell is quite pervasive in the market, and enterprises are mostly motivated to trade simply in order to achieve compliance. Few enterprises are willing to manage their allowances in a market-oriented manner. Different free allowance allocation methods directly affect the pathways enterprises take to control emissions.

Key policy insights

• In the national ETS, the compulsory force of ETS provisions should be strengthened.

• A reasonable level of free allowance shortage should be ensured to promote emission reduction by enterprises.

• Sufficient information should be provided to guide enterprises in their allowance management to activate the market.

• To promote the implementation of mitigation technologies by enterprises, actual output-based allocation methods should be used.

• The government should use market adjustment mechanisms, such as a price floor and ceiling, to ensure that carbon prices are reasonable and stable, so as to guide long-term low carbon investment.

  相似文献   

Geochemical characterization of loess-paleosol sequences: Comparison between the upper reaches of the Hanjiang and Weihe river valleys,China     

Hongyan Bian  Jiangli Pang  Chunchang Huang  Yali Zhou 《地理学报(英文版)》2017,27(1):95-108

This paper aims to compare the geochemical characteristics of loess-paleosol sequences in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang and Weihe river valleyswhich are located in the semi-humid temperate zone and humid subtropical zonerespectively. The Mituosi(MTS) profile in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River valley and the Yaohecun(YHC) profile in the Weihe River valley were selected for this comparative research. The stratigraphic characteristicscompositionchemical weathering intensityleaching rates of Ca and Namobility of major elementsand transport features of Na and Fe were analyzed with respect to depth and compared between the two profiles. This study reached the following conclusions.(1) The composition of the loess-paleosol sequences in two regions are quite similar to the average composition of the upper continental crust(UCC)indicating that the loess in the two regions came from multiple sources and was mixed well. Thereforethe loess in the two regions is considered aeolian loess.(2) Compared with the loess-paleosol sequence in the Weihe River valleythe loess-paleosol sequence in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River valley features a darker color; a higher chemical index of alteration(CIA) value; higher leaching rates of Na and Ca; higher migration ratio(relative to K) of AlSiMgand Na; and lower migration ratio of Fe and Ca. This evidence indicates that the loess-paleosol sequence in the humid subtropical environment experienced stronger chemical weathering intensity than the loess-paleosol sequence in the semi-humid temperate zone.(3) Both the YHC profile and MTS profile record a period of climate deterioration at 6000–5000 a BP. The period punctuated the mid-Holocene Climatic Optimum(8500–3100 a BP) in the study area.  相似文献